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The primary purpose of a Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty (MLAT) is to enable cooperation in legal matters between countries, particularly in relation to the gathering and exchanging of evidence and other legal assistance in criminal cases. These treaties are vital for authenticating documents, serving process, obtaining testimony, and facilitating law enforcement efforts that cross international borders.

When matters involve criminal investigations, it becomes essential for nations to work together to ensure that justice is served and that legal processes are upheld across jurisdictions. MLATs streamline this process, ensuring that each country can respond to requests for assistance in a timely and structured manner, fostering an environment of collaboration in the fight against crime, including serious offenses like drug trafficking, human trafficking, and, importantly, money laundering.

The other options, while they represent important facets of international relations, do not align with the specific function of a Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty. Military cooperation, economic trade, and educational exchange programs address different areas of diplomacy and global interaction but do not pertain to the legal framework for mutual support and collaboration in criminal matters.